Unit 10.1

Povečevalci in zmanjševalci


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Introduction

Prislovi [adverbs] so izrazi, ki delujejo kot modifikatorji drugih elementov v stavku. Dodajajo širok spekter informacij.

Stopenjske prislove [adverbs of degree] uporabljamo za dodajanje informacij o inenzivnosti dejanja ali pridevnika {glej Stopenjski prislovi, stopnja A1}.

Povečevalci [intensifiers] in zmanjševalci [mitigators] so del stopenjskih prislovov. 

Form

Intensifiers

Najpogosteje rabljeni so: highly, absolutely, so, utterly, incredibly, particularly

Mitigators

Najpogosteje rabljeni so:  fairly, pretty (informal), rather, slightly

{Glej Stopenjski prislovi, stopnja A2}.

Example

Intensifiers

  • The climate was highly dry.
  • It is absolutely impossible to win at most carnival games.
  • He was so helpful.
  • The view is utterly beautiful.
  • We came incredibly close to falling off the stairs.
  • These drawings are particularly good.

Mitigators

  • These crystals are fairly bright.
  • The view was pretty good, but not breathtaking.
  • I’m rather bored.
  • It is slightly expensive, but I’m still going to buy it.

Use

Povečevalce uporabljamo zato, da naredimo besede in izraze močnejše.

Zmanjševalce uporabljamo zato, da naredimo besede in izraze šibkejše.

Summary

Povečevalci [intensifiers] in zmanjševalci [mitigators] predstavljajo dve vrsti stopenjskih prislovov. Povečevalce uporabljamo za poudarjanje besed ali izrazov, zmanjševalce pa za zmanjševanje poudarka na te besede in izraze.

Najpogosteje rabljeni povečevalci so:  highly, absolutely, so, incredibly, utterly, particularly

Najpogosteje rabljeni zmanjševalci so: fairly, pretty, rather, slightly

Na primer:
— “I am absolutely sure he is lying.” = Obstaja velika možnost, da laže, zato uporabimo povečevalec. 
— “I am fairly sure that he is lying.” = Možnost, da laže, je manjša, zato uporabimo zmanjševalec. 

Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.

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