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Glagol have/have got v nikalni obliki

Introduction

Have/have got je glagol, ki se ga uporablja za izražanje stanj, kot so lastništvo, odnos, bolezen in lastnosti ljudi in stvari.

Ko je v nikalni obliki, zanika nekaj glede osebka.

Form

Have in have got v enostavnem sedanjiku:

To have

Struktura v nikalni obliki je:
Subject + do/does + not + have + object + …

  • Do/does: v nikalni obliki v tretji osebi ednine do spremenimo v does.
Subject do/does + not have Short form
I do not have don’t have
You do not have don’t have
He does not have doesn’t have
She does not have doesn’t have
It does not have doesn’t have
We do not have don’t have
You do not have don’t have
They do not have don’t have

To have got

Struktura v nikalni obliki je:
Subject + have/has + not + got + object + …

  • Have/has: v nikalni obliki v tretji osebi ednine have spremenimo v has.
Subject have/has + not + got Short form
I have not got haven’t got
You have not got haven’t got
He has not got hasn’t got
She has not got hasn’t got
It has not got hasn’t got
We have not got haven’t got
You have not got haven’t got
They have not got haven’t got

Example

To have

  • I don’t have lunch at 2 p.m.
  • She didn’t have two dogs; she doesn’t have two dogs; she won’t have two dogs.

To have got

  • I haven’t got lunch at 2 p.m.
  • She hadn’t got two dogs; she hasn’t got two dogs; she won’t have got two dogs.

Use

Don’t have in haven’t got uporabljamo, ko zanikamo, da si nekdo nekaj ali nekoga lasti. Uporabljamo ju tudi za izražanje odnosov, bolezni in lastnosti ljudi in stvari. Vseeno pa nista popolnoma zamenljiva.

  • To have
    • Lahko uporabljamo za izražanje dejanj;
    • Lahko uporabljamo za izražanje preteklosti, sedanjosti in prihodnosti.
  • To have got
    • Ne moremo uporabljati za izražanje dejanj;
    • Lahko uporabljamo le za izražanje sedanjosti.

Summary

Glagol have/have got v nikalni obliki se uporabljata za izražanje stanj, kot so lastništvo, odnosi, bolezni in lastnosti osebka. Ne moremo ju pa zamenjevati.

  • Have lahko uporabljamo za izražanje dejanj v preteklosti, sedanjosti in prihodnosti. Struktura je:
    Subject + do/does + not + have + object + … (does v tretji osebi ednine)
  • Have got ne moremo uporabljati za izražanje dejanj in z njim lahko izražamo le sedanjost. Struktura je:
    Subject + have/has + not + got + object + … (has v tretji osebi ednine)

Na primer:
— “I don’t have a shy personality.” / “I haven’t got a shy personality.” = have uporabimo, ker gre za dejanje.
— “I have not got a car.” = have got uporabimo, ker gre za odsotnost lastništva nečesa.

NOTE: Have se uporablja tudi kot pomožni glagol v nekaterih časih, ko govorimo o dejanjih. Če have uporabimo na ta način, ne rabimo uporabiti do ali does. Za to uporabimo have got. (“I have not done it.” / I have not got done it.”).

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