Unit 5.1
Irregularities of the Participle
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Introduction
The participle [participio] is one of the non-personal forms of the verb, which has the function of an adjective [adjetivo].
There are some spelling irregularities [irregularidades] of the participle.
Form
The main irregular participles are as follows:
| Verbo | Participio |
|---|---|
| abrir | abierto |
| decir | dicho |
| escribir | escrito |
| hacer | hecho |
| ir | ido |
| leer | leído |
| oír | oído |
| poner | puesto |
| romper | roto |
| ser | sido |
| ver | visto |
| volver | vuelto |
Example
- He abierto el bote de crema;
- Le has dicho a tu madre que te ibas a la ducha;
- Le ha escrito un mensaje pidiéndole que compre pasta de dientes;
- Siempre hemos hecho lo posible por tener las manos limpias;
- Habéis ido al súper a comprar colonia;
- Han leído en la prensa que el gel higienizante es importante;
- He oído que el cepillo de dientes hay que cambiarlo a menudo;
- Te has puesto la toalla en la cabeza;
- Se ha roto la cadera el viejo Isidoro;
- Hemos sido los más jóvenes del evento;
- ¿Habéis visto a algún famoso en el cumpleaños?
- Han vuelto de unas vacaciones increíbles.
Use
{See Participles, level A1}
Summary
The participle is an impersonal form of the verb and has the function of an adjective. The participle is used in the compound tenses as an adjective in constructions with the verb estar (+participle) or verbal periphrases. In Spanish, there are several irregular participles.
For example:
— «La tienda estaba abierta por la tarde». = As an adjective;
— «Se me ha roto el móvil“» = In the perfect past tense.
Check the contents of the {Form} section. Then move on the {Example} sections, which shows you the usage in context.
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