Unit 4.2
Adjective number
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Introduction
The adjective [adjetivo] modifies the noun, indicating its characteristics or qualities.
The adjective number [número del adjetivo] can be singular or plural.
Form
The adjective number is singular or plural. Adjectives agree in number with the nouns they complement and always go before or after them.
To change the number of an adjective from singular to plural, we start from its singular ending:
Adjectives ending in vowel:
- adjectives ending in an unstressed vowel: we add -s;
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| blanco/a | blancos/as |
| guapo/a | guapos/as |
| pequeño/a | pequeños/as |
- adjectives ending in a stressed vowel: we add -es or -s.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| marroquí | marroquíes/marroquís |
| hindú | hindúes/hindús |
Adjectives ending in consonant:
- adjectives ending in consonant: we add –es;
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| azul | azules |
| fácil | fáciles |
- adjectives ending in consonant -z: change to -ces.
| Singular | Plural |
|---|---|
| soez | soeces |
| tenaz | tenaces |
Example
- El campo está blanco por la nieve;
- Esa niña lleva unos pantalones blancos;
- La estudiante de intercambio es hindú;
- Nos encantan los restaurantes hindúes / hindús;
- La falda de esa mujer es azul;
- Mira los vaqueros azules de ese hombre;
- El abogado fue muy tenaz en el juicio;
- Los tenaces doctores curaron al paciente.
Use
The adjective is used to add information to a noun, describing noun’s attributes and modifying the noun, indicating its characteristics or qualities.
Summary
Adjectives indicate characteristics of nouns. In Spanish, adjectives have gender (masculine, feminine) and number (singular, plural). In most cases, to form the plural of adjectives -s is added, but there are also cases with -es and -ces.
For example:
— «Esta chica es muy guapa. Sus amigas también son guapas». = The plural is formed by adding -s;
— «Tiene los ojos azules». = The plural is formed by adding -es;
— «Ana y Dani son muy felices». = We form the plural by adding -es and changing z to c.
Check the contents of the {Form} section. Then move on to the {Example} section, which shows you the usage in context.
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