Unit 1.2
Причастие прошедшего времени
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Introduction
Причастие прошедшего времени [past participle] — это глагол, который используется для формирования других времён (например, present perfect).
Много форм причастия прошедшего времени [past participle] у неправильных глаголов [irregular].
Form
Причастие прошедшего времени является формой глагола, которая используется для времён past perfect, past perfect continuous, present perfect, present perfect continuous, future perfect, future perfect continuous и passive tenses {смотреть главу Present Perfect}.
Правильные глаголы
Причастие прошедшего времени у правильных глаголов [regular past participles] следует всем правилам образования времени past simple, прибавляя -ed к концу глагола.
Неправильные глаголы
Неправильные глаголы [irregular verbs] не следуют всем правилам. Часто используемые неправильные глаголы:
| Verb | Past Participle |
|---|---|
| become | become |
| break | broken |
| bring | brought |
| buy | bought |
| do | done |
| draw | drawn |
| drink | drunk |
| eat | eaten |
| feel | felt |
| find | found |
| go | gone |
| have | had |
| hear | heard |
| keep | kept |
| read | read |
| run | run |
| say | said |
| see | seen |
| teach | taught |
| write | written |
Example
- I had studied every night.
- He had finished the course this year.
- We had fought many times.
- I had been studying every night.
- He had been finishing the course this year.
- We had been fighting many times.
- I have studied every night this week.
- He has finished the course recently.
- We have fought a lot.
- I will have studied every night.
- He will have finished the course by the end of the year.
- We will have fought a lot.
- I will have been studying every night for weeks.
- He will have been finishing the course.
- We will have been fighting too much.
Use
Причастие прошедшего времени используется для формирования глаголов в разных временах.
Summary
Причастие прошедшего времени [past participle] является формой глагола, которая используется для формирования многих времён. Она образуется, прибавляя -ed в конец глагола, но необходимо помнить, что существует множество неправильных [irregular] глаголов.
Например:
— Правильный глагол: “Watch” ⇒ “I have watched a great movie tonight.” = Прибавляем -ed в конце глагола.
— Неправильный глагол: “Be” ⇒ “I have been to Montenegro four times.” / “I have beed to Montenegro four times.“ = Используем другую форму (глагол be меняется на been).
Пересмотри этот материал в разделе [Form]. Обрати внимание на раздел [Example], в котором показано использование этого учебного материала в контексте.
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