Unit 1.2
Le participe passé
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Introduction
Le participe passé [past participle] est une forme verbale utilisée dans la construction de certains temps comme le present perfect.
Beaucoup de verbes forment leur participe passé de façon irrégulière.
Form
Le participe passé est utilisé pour former les temps suivants : past perfect, past perfect continu, present perfect, present perfect continu, future perfect, future perfect continu et la voix passive.
Forme régulière
Les participes passés réguliers suivent la règle de construction du passé simple : on ajoute -ed à la base verbale.
{Voir le present perfect}
Forme irrégulière
Les participes passés irréguliers ne suivent pas cette règle. Il faut les apprendre par cœur.
Les plus couramment utilisés sont :
| Verbe | Participe passé |
|---|---|
| become | become |
| break | broken |
| bring | brought |
| buy | bought |
| do | done |
| draw | drawn |
| drink | drunk |
| eat | eaten |
| feel | felt |
| find | found |
| go | gone |
| have | had |
| hear | heard |
| keep | kept |
| read | read |
| run | run |
| say | said |
| see | seen |
| teach | taught |
| write | written |
Example
- I had studied every night.
- He had finished the course this year.
- We had fought many times.
- I had been studying every night.
- He had been finishing the course this year.
- We had been fighting many times.
- I have studied every night this week.
- He has finished the course recently.
- We have fought a lot.
- I will have studied every night.
- He will have finished the course by the end of the year.
- We will have fought a lot.
- I will have been studying every night for weeks.
- He will have been finishing the course.
- We will have been fighting too much.
Use
On utilise le participe passé pour construire les verbes à différents temps.
Summary
Le participe passé [past participle] est une forme verbale utilisée dans la construction de nombreux temps. Il se forme en ajoutant -ed à la fin des verbes. Mais il y a beaucoup de formes irrégulières.
Par exemple :
— Régulier : « Watch » ⇒ “I have watched a great movie tonight.” = On ajoute -ed à la fin du verbe.
— Irrégulier : « Write » ⇒ “I have written many e-mails today.” / “I have writed many e-mails today. » = Le verbe to write est irrégulier, il ne suit pas la règle et devient written.
Révisons ce contenu dans la section {Form}. Jetons un coup d’œil à la section {Example} pour en voir l’utilisation en contexte.
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