Unit 3.2
There is and There are
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Introduction
There is/are sind Ausdrücke, die in Sätzen bestätigen wollen (wenn Positiv), verweigern (wenn Negativ) oder überprüfen (wenn Interrogativ), dass etwas existiert.
Form
Wir finden diese Struktur von there is/are in drei Formen:
Affirmative
Singular nouns: There is + singular noun/uncountable noun + …
Plural nouns: There are + plural noun + …
Negative
Singular nouns: There is + not + singular noun/uncountable noun + …
Plural nouns: There are + not + plural noun + …
Negative short forms are: there isn’t/aren’t (the same short forms of to be).
A more common negative expression is there are not any (there are no)/there aren’t any (there aren’t).
Interrogative
Singular nouns: Is there + singular noun/uncountable noun + …?
Plural nouns: Are there + plural noun + …?
Example
There is
- There is a cat in the garden.
- There is not a cat in the garden.
- There isn’t a cat in the garden.
- Is there a cat in the garden?
There are
- There are ten cats in the garden.
- There are not ten cats in the garden.
- There aren’t ten cats in the garden.
- Are there ten cats in the garden?
- There are not any cats in the garden.
Use
In dieser Satztypologie „there“ wird als „dummy subject“ genannt, in der Tat ist es eine Art vorbereitendes Subjekt, das die Gegenwart des realen Subjekts irgendwo anders im Satz voraussagt.
Summary
There is/are wird verwendet, wenn wir bestätigen wollen (Affirmativ), verweigern (Negativ) oder überprüfen (Interrogativ), dass etwas existiert.
- There is für einzahl
- There are für mehrzahl
Zum Beispiel:
— Affirmative: „There is a plate on the table. (= just one plate) – There are plates on the table. (= more than one plate)“ = Wir verwenden die bejahende Form, um die Anwesenheit einen Teller auf dem Tisch zu bestätigen.
— Negative: „There isn’t a plate on the table. (= deny just one plate is on the table) – There aren’t plates on the table (= maybe one plate but not many plates) “ = Wir verwenden die negative Form um die Enwesenheit einigen Teller auf dem Tisch zu verneinen.*
*Die häufigere Form ist „there is no/ there are no“, e.g. There is no plate on the table. – There are no plates on the table.
— Interrogative: „Is there a plate on the table? (= asking for one plate)/Are there plates on the table? (= asking for more than one plate)“ = Wir verwenden die Fragestellung, um Informationen über das Vorhandensein einen Teller auf dem Tisch zu fragen.
Let’s revise this content within the [Form] section. Take a look at the [Example] section that shows its use within a context.
Exercises
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