Unit 3.2

Iragan jarraia Ezezkoa

Advertising

Introduction

Iragan jarraia (edo progresiboa) iraganean gertatutako eta edozein momentutan periodo batetan zehar aurrera dabilen egoera bat adierazteko erabiltzen den aditz forma da.

Ezezko forman erabiltzean, aditzak zerbait iraganaren periodo denbora batean gertatzen zebilela ezezten du.

Form

Iragan jarraitua, ezezko forman, hurrengo egitura dauka:
Subject + was/were + not + [verb + -ing] + …

  • Was/were: to be aditzaren iragan sinplea.
Subject was/were + not Verb + -ing
I was not working
You were not working
He/She/It was not working
We/You/They were not working

Ezezko formaren forma laburtuak to be past simple denboran duen forma laburtuaren berdina da: I wasn’t – you weren’t – he wasn’t…

Example

Azpi ekintza luzea ekintza laburrago batez moztuta dagoena

  • I wasn’t running in the park when you sent me that message.
  • She wasn’t practising sport when I called her.
  • They weren’t watching TV when she got back from work.

Iraganeko debora zehatz batean gertatzen dabilen gertaera

  • I wasn’t running in the park at 9 o’clock.
  • She wasn’t practising sport when I called her at 11:45.
  • They weren’t watching TV when she returned from work at 7 o’ clock.

Denbora betez aurrera doan ekintza etengabea

  • I wasn’t running.
  • He wasn’t crossing the road.
  • We weren’t watching TV during our break.

Denbora periodo baten luzeera iraganean

  • I wasn’t working in the bakery last summer.
  • She wasn’t practising sport every day last year.
  • They weren’t watching TV all day when they were young.

Aldibereko iragan ekintzak

  • I wasn’t running while she was walking.
  • She wasn’t practising sport while her mother was cooking.
  • We weren’t talking while the kids were watching TV.

Iraganean gertatutako ekintza sekuentziak

  • I went to the park, the kids weren’t playing on the grass, their parents weren’t sitting on the fence and teenagers weren’t running.
  • She went home and her mother wasn’t working on the laptop, her father wasn’t watching tv and her sister wasn’t studying.
  • We went to the doctor today and while we were waiting at the doctor the other patients weren’t reading magazines, weren’t talking on the phone and the secretary wasn’t typing anything on the computer.

Ekintza errepikatuak edo gogainkarriak (always-ekin)

  • I wasn’t going to class late.
  • She wasn’t doing sport everyday for years to become a good athlete.
  • They weren’t watching TV on high volume late at night.

Use

Iragan jarraitua, ezezko forman, hurrengoa ezezteko erabiltzen dugu:

  • Azpi ekintza luzea ekintza laburrago batez moztuta dagoena (zerbait bat-batean gertatzen dela beste ekintza luzeago bat aurrera doan bitartean);
  • Iraganeko debora zehatz batean gertatzen dabilen gertaera (iraganean oraindik progresuan dagoen gertaera baten data, ordua edo denbora espezifikoari buruzko informazioa adierazteko);
  • Denbora betez aurrera doan ekintza etengabea (denbora periodo luze batez aurrera doan ekintza bat iraganean);
  • Denbora periodo baten luzeera iraganean (denbora periodo luze batez aurrera doan ekintza bat iraganean);
  • Aldibereko iragan ekintzak (bi gertaera aldiberean gertatzean);
  • Iraganean gertatutako ekintza sekuentziak (gertaera bat baino gehiago denbora berean gertatzen dabilen egoera bat deskribatzeko erabiltzen dira);
  • Ekintza errepikatuak edo gogainkarriak (always-ekin edo espresio antzekoekin ekintza errepikatuen ideia adierazten dituztenak).

Summary

Iragan jarraia [past continuous], ezezko forman, iraganean gertatutako eta denbora guztian periodo batetan zehar aurrera doan egoeta bat ezezteko erabiltzen dugu.

Iragan jarraia [past continuous] ezezko forman erabiltzean, subjektuarekin hasten gara eta was not edo were not gehi -ing aditza ondoren.

Adibidez:
— “I was not playing football when the phone rang.” = Iragan jarraia [past continuous] erabiltzen dugu ekintza bat beste bat gertatzen zebilen momentu berean gertatu ez zela adierazteko.
♦ “I did not play football.” = Iragan sinplea [past simple] erabiltzen dugu iraganean hasi eta amaitu ez den ekintza baten ideia ezeztatzeko.

Berrikusi dezagun {Form} atalaren edukia. Begira ezazu erabilera {Examples} atalean testuinguru batean nola erabiltzen den ikusteko.

Related

The past continuous in its negative form denies something occurred in the past and was in progress at any moment during a period of time. You can confirm something with Affirmative form and ask something with Interrogative form.

In English, for a better understanding of the structure of past continuous, you can see past simple of To be.

  • At A1 level, you can learn about past simple (something happened in the past).
  • At B1 level, you can learn about past perfect (something happened before other events/ actions in the past).

Exercises


The exercises are not created yet. If you would like to get involve with their creation, be a contributor.



Ambassadors

Open TextBooks are collaborative projects, with people from all over the world bringing their skills and interests to join in the compilation and dissemination of knowledge to everyone and everywhere.

Become an Ambassador and write your textbooks.

Online Teaching

Become a Books4Languages Online tutor & teacher.

More information here about how to be a tutor.

Translations


Contributors

The Books4Languages is a collaborative projects, with people from all over the world bringing their skills and interests to join in the compilation and dissemination of knowledge to everyone, everywhere.

License