Unit 7.2

Ought to: Aditz laguntzaile modala

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Introduction

Must aditza berez aditz laguntzailea (lagungarria) da, bakarrik esanahirik ez duena baina aditz nagusia eta haren esanahia aldatzen duena eta ekintzari buruzko detaile gehiago ematen ditu.

Ought to aditz laguntzaile mota bat da betebeharra edo gomendio, aholkua emateko erabiltzen dena.

Form

Ought to-ek beti dauka forma berdina hirugarren pertsonarako eta guzti, eta egitura hau aurkitzen dugu hiru formetan.

Affirmative

Baiezko forman, hurrengo egitura dauka:
Subject + ought to + verb + …

Subject ought to Verb
I/You ought to work
He/She/It ought to work
We/You/They ought to work

Negative

Ezezko forman, hurrengo egitura dauka:
Subject + ought + not + to + verb + …

Subject ought to + not Verb
I/You ought not to work
He/She/It ought not to work
We/You/They ought not to work

Ezezko formaren forma laburtua hurrengoa da: oughtn’t.

Interrogative

Galdera forman, hurrengo egitura dauka:
Ought + subject + to + verb + …?

Ought Subject to Verb Question
Mark
Ought I/you to work …?
Ought he/she/it to work …?
Ought we/you/they to work …?

OHARRA: Should edo did leku batzuetan jartzen da. To ez da galderetan erabiltzen

Example

Betebehar ahulak

  • You ought to apologise.
  • Smoking oughtn’t be allowed at school.
  • You ought to get the diploma soon.

Aholkuak

  • You ought to work out more.
  • He oughtn’t memorise the rule, it’s better to understand it.
  • Ought we to read the syllabus of the course?

Use

We use ought to erabiltzen dugu:

  • Betebehar ahulagoa adierazteko;
  • aholkuak emateko eta eskatzeko (gomendioak).

Ought to ez da must bezain indartsua.

Summary

Ought to aditz modala betebehar edo aholkua adierazten ditu. Ez da bezain must indartsua.

Era ezberdinetan erabili dezakegu:

  • Baiezkoa:  Subjektuarekin hasten gara eta ought to eta aditza ondoren.
  • Ezezkoa:  Subjektuarekin hasten gara eta ought not to eta aditza ondoren.
  • Galdera: Ought-ekin hasten gara gehi subjektua eta to eta aditza ondoren (esaldia galdera marka batekin amaitzen da).

Adibidez:
— Baiezkoa: “You ought to do your homework to understand the subject.” = Ought to aholkua emateko erabiltzen da.
— Ezezkoa: “You oughtn’t to do your homework to understand the subject.” = Oughtn’t aholkua emateko erabiltzen da.
—Galdera: “Ought you to do your homework to understand the subject?” = Ought…? aholku edo berrespen bat eskatzeko erabiltzen da.
♦ “You must do your homework or you will fail the class.” = Must-ek betebehar sendoago bat erakusten du.

Berrikusi dezagun {Form} atalaren edukia. Begira ezazu erabilera {Examples} atalean testuinguru batean nola erabiltzen den ikusteko.

Related

Besides Ought to, used to express obligation and duty through advice or recommendations, we express obligation and duty thorough advice with the modal auxiliary verb Should.

In English, you can learn more about other model verbs which have different uses:

– Must: express certainty, strong obligation come from personal opinion;

– Have to: express certainty, strong obligation come from outside;

– May: express the possibility;

– Can: express the idea of ability;

– Would: express willingness in the past.

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