Subjektu izenordainak

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Introduction

Izenordainak [pronouns] substantibo baten errepikapenak saihesteko erabiltzen diren hitzak dira.

Subjetu izenordainak [subject pronouns] perpaus baten partsona edo gauza subjetua ordezkatzen dute.

Form

Izenordain subjetuak bereizten ditugu zenbakiaren (singularra, plurala) eta generoaren arabera (maskulinoa, femeninoa, neutoa).

Izenordain subjetuak aditzen aurretik erabiltzen dira.

Person Number Gender Subject
1st person sing. – I
2nd person sing. – You
3rd person sing. masculine He
3rd person sing. feminine She
3rd person sing. neutral* It
1st person plur.  – We
2nd person plur.  – You
3rd person plur.  – They

* (objektu/animalia)

Example

  1. Aditzaren subjetua
    • I am fast.
    • You are pretty.
    • He is short.
    • She is beautiful.
    • It is big.
    • We are young.
    • You are athletes.
    • They are fat.
  2. Subjetu sustantivo esaldiak ordezkatzeko eta errepikapenak saihesteko
    • [n/a]*
    • Andy, take off that hat, you look funny.
    • John is tall and he is also thin.
    • Maria is from Spain, she is Spanish.
    • I like the color red, it is passionate.
    • Julia and I come from France, we are French.
    • You and Peter are always talking, you are really talkative.
    • John and Maria are fat, they eat a lot.

*Ez da aplikagarria lehen pertsona singularrerako.

Use

Subjetu izenordainak erabiltzen ditugu:

  • Aditzaren subjetu modura;
  • Sujetu substantibo esaldiak ordezkatzeko eta errepikapenak saihesteko.

Summary

Subjetu izenordainak [subjekt pronoun] aditzaren subjetu modura erabiltzen dira, edo lehen aipatu den esaldia ordezkatzeko eta errepikapenak saihesteko subjetu sustantibo modura.

Generoarengatik eta kopuruarengatik desberdintzen dira, eta aditzaren aurretik jartzen dira.

Subjetu izenordainak hurrengoak dira: I, you, he, she, it, we, you eta they.

Adibidez:
— “I am tall.” = I mintzalari erreferentzia egiten dio.
— “He is tall.” = He mutil zehatz bati erreferentzia egiten dio.
— “They are tall.” = They pertsona espezifikoei erreferentzia egiten dio.

OHARRA: Subjetu izenordainak erabili nahi badituzu ordezkapen gisa, ezin duzu lehenengo pertsona singularrarekin egin (I).

Berrikusi dezagun {Form} atalaren edukia. Ikusi ezazu {Examples} atala, testuinguruan, perpaus batean nola erabiltzen den ikusteko.

Related

Beside Subject pronouns are used as the subject of the verb, there are other types of pronouns which have different uses:

–Possessive pronouns used to show that one thing belongs to someone;

–Demonstrative pronouns used to refer to things and identify their position and distance from the speaker;

–Relative pronouns used to introduce relative clauses;

–Object pronouns used as an object;

  • At level A2, you will also see that there are other types of pronouns such as:

–Reflexive pronouns used to emphasize the subject of the sentence;

–Relative pronouns of people and things used to introduce relative clauses and refer to people or things;

–Relative pronouns of place and time used to refer introduce relative clauses and to place and time;

–Indefinite pronouns: Something and Nothing do not refer to any specific person, thing or amount;

  • At level B1, we have other types of pronouns:

–Generic Pronoun You refer to all people in general.

Subject pronouns are distinguished depending on number and gender.

Exercises

External link to Subjektu izenordainak exercises (2).



More exercises

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