Unit 9.2
Kazalni zaimki
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Introduction
Zaimki [pronouns] so besede, ki jih uporabljamo v izogib ponavljanju samostalnika.
Kazalni zaimski [demonstrative pronouns] so določniki, ki jih uporabljamo namesto samostalnikov, ko se nanašamo na stvari in določamo njihov položaj in oddaljenost od govorca.
Form
Kazalne zaimke uporabljamo v izogib ponavljanju samostalnikov. Pred zaimki ne uporabljamo členov in drugih določnikov.
Kazalni zaimki so:
Singular | Plural | |
---|---|---|
Near | This | These |
Far | That | Those |
Example
Blizu
- This is very nice.
- This is the restaurant I like.
- These are very nice.
- These are expensive clothes.
Daleč
- That is very nice.
- That smells amazing.
- Those are very nice.
- Those are cheap afternoon snacks.
Use
Kazalne zaimke uporabljamo namesto samostalnika, da bi se izognili ponavljanju.
- Near: uporabimo this (ednina) ali these (množina) za stvari in ljudi, ki so blizu govorca (tukaj).
- Far: uporabimo that (ednina) in those (množina) za stvari in ljudi, ki so daleč (tam).
Summary
Kazalne zaimke [demonstrative pronouns] uporabljamo namesto samostalnikov, da bi se izognili ponavljanju, ko se nanašamo na stvari in določamo njihov položaj glede na njihovo oddaljenost od govorca.
- Blizu: za samostalnike v ednini this, za samostalnike v množini these.
- Daleč: za samostalnike v ednini that, za samostalnike v množini those.
Na primer:
— “This is very nice.” = Neka stvar, ki je blizu govorca.
— “These are very nice.” = Neke stvari, ki so blizu govorca.
— “That is very nice.” = Neka stvar, ki je daleč od govorca.
— “Those are very nice.” = Neke stvari, ki so daleč od govorca.
Ne mešajmo kazalnih zaimkov in kazalnih pridevnikov, kateri stojijo pred samostalnikom. Čeprav imajo isto obliko, imajo zelo različne funkcije v povedi.
Na primer:
— “This is very nice.” = Uporabimo zaimek this, s katerim pokažemo oddaljenost nečesa in se izognemo ponovitvi samostalnika.
♦ “This shirt is very nice.” = Uporabimo pridevnik this, s katerim pokažemo oddaljenost majice in uvedemo samostalnik.
NOTE: Pred zaimki ne uporabljamo določnikov.
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
Exercises
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