Unit 5.1

Can: modalni glagoli zmožnosti


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Introduction

Modalni glagol [modal verb] je vrsta pomožnega glagola, ki nima pomena sam po sebi, ampak modificira glavni glagol, spreminja njegov pomen in nam razkriva več podrobnosti o dejanju.

Glagol can je modalni glagol, ki ga uporabljamo, ko izražamo idejo zmožnosti ali možnosti, verjetnost ali neverjetnost, da se bo dogodek ali dejanje zgodil/o in za spraševanje za dovoljenje.

Form

Modalni glagol can uporabljamo kot pomožni glagol; ima tri oblike:

Affirmative

Njegova struktura v trdilni obliki je: 
Subject + can + verb + …

Subject can Verb
I can work
You can work
He can work
She can work
It can work
We can work
You can work
They can work

Negative

Njegova struktura v nikalni obliki je:
Subject + cannot + verb + …

  • Kratka oblika negativne oblike je can’t;
  • Can je izjema pri tvorjenju nikalne oblike in se piše skupaj z not: cannot (can not is incorrect).
Subject cannot Verb
I cannot work
You cannot work
He cannot work
She cannot work
It cannot work
We cannot work
You cannot work
They cannot work

Interrogative

Njegova struktura v vprašalni obliki je:
Can + subject + verb + …?

Can Subject Verb Question Mark
Can I work ?
Can you work ?
Can he work ?
Can she work ?
Can it work ?
Can we work ?
Can you work ?
Can they work ?

Example

  1. Zmožnost
    • She can play the piano.
    • She cannot play the piano.
    • Can she play the piano?
  2. Ponudba
    • Can we help you and your husband?
  3. Zahteva
    • Can you open the window, please?
  4. Možnost
    • My wife can go to Milan this summer.
  5. Priložnost
    • We can stay at his place for a week!
  6. Dovoljenje
    • My children can stay at the party.
    • My children cannot stay at the party.
  7. Očitek
    • Can’t you just tell him your marital status?
  8. Splošna resnica
    • Parks can be dangerous.

Use

Can uporabljamo za izražanje:

  1. Zmožnosti: biti zmožen nekaj narediti;
  2. Ponudb: ponujati;
  3. Zahtev: nekaj zahtevati;
  4. Možnosti: govoriti o možnih situacijah;
  5. Priložnosti: izraziti možnost nekaj narediti;
  6. Dovoljenj: vprašati za ali dati dovoljenje;
  7. Očitkov: nekomu povedati, kaj hočemo, da naredi;
  8. Splošnih resnic: govoriti o stvareh, ki ponavadi veljajo;

Summary

Modalni glagol [modal verb] can izraža zmožnost, ponudbo, zahtevo, možnost, priložnost, dovoljenje, očitek in splošno resnico.

Struktura je:

  • Trdilna: Subject + can + verb + …
  • Nikalna: Subject + cannot + verb + …
  • Vprašalna: Can + subject + verb + …?

Na primer:
— Trdilna: “She can play the piano.”
— Nikalna: “She can’t play the piano.”
— Vprašalna: “Can she play the piano?

NOTE: Oblika je vedno enaka, tudi za tretjo osebo ednine.

Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.

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