Unit 1.2

Present simple v trdilni obliki


Print This Post Print This Post

Advertising

Introduction

Enostavni sedanjik [present simple] je čas, ki ga uporabljamo za opisovanje trajnih situacij ali dogodkov, ki se redno ponavljajo ali se vedno zgodijo.

Ko je v trdilni obliki, potrjuje nekaj glede osebka.

Form

Present simple ima v trdilni obliki strukturo:
Subject + verb + …

  • V tretji osebni ednine dodamo -s na koncu glagola. Izjeme:
    • Glagoli s priponami -ch, -s, -sh, -x, -z: dodamo -es (watchwatches; kisskisses; crushcrushes; taxtaxes; buzzbuzzes);
    • Glagolom, ki se končajo na soglasnik sledi -y: spremenimo -y v -i in dodamo -es (cry ⇒ cries);
    • Nepravilni glagoli kot do, go, be in have ne sledijo nobenemu pravilu: dodoes, go goes, beis, havehas.
Subject Verb
I work
You work
He works
She works
It works
We work
You work
They work

 

Example

  1. Načrtovana prihodnost
    • I start my new job on the 17th of June.
    • The exam period ends on the 24th December.
    • Their friend arrives in a few days.
  2.  Urniki
    • The train leaves at 7 o’clock.
    • The match starts at 9 o’clock tomorrow.
    • My exams start at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
  3. Navade/rutine
    • I usually wake up at 8 o’clock.
    • He goes to the gym twice a week.
    • We go to good restaurants for lunch.
  4. Dejstva
    • The sun rises in the east.
    • The water boils at 100°C.
    • Tigers exist.
  5. Trajne situacije
    • I live in Brussels.
    • She works in a supermarket.
    • They play football.
  6. Obljube…
    • I promise to buy you a new mobile phone.
    • He swears he’ll go to the doctor.
    • Promise me you’ll give me your phone number.
  7. Dajanje usmeritev in navodil
    • You go straight and you turn left.
    • You restart your mobile phone.
    • You go upstairs and through the second door on the left.
  8. Zaključena dejanja, ki potekajo, medtem ko govorimo
    • The brigades disappear into the crowd.
    • The police catch the thief.
    • Real Madrid recovers from two goals down.
  9. Neformalno pripovedovanje
    • The Beast transforms into a prince.
    • Snow White falls asleep.
    • Little Red Riding-Hood meets the wolf.

Use

Present simple v trdilni obliki uporabljamo za opisovanje/izražanje:

  1. Načrtovane prihodnosti (načrtovanih dogodkov s točno določenim datumom);
  2. Urnikov (načrtovanih dogodkov s točno določenim datumom);
  3. Navad/rutin (nečesa, kar se ponavlja v sedanjosti);
  4. Dejstev (stvari, ki na splošno veljajo);
  5. Trajnih situacij (ki se dogajajo že nekaj časa in se bodo dogajale tudi v prihodnosti);
  6. Obljub;
  7. Navodil (ukazov);
  8. Zaključenih dejanj, ki se dogajajo medtem ko govorimo (pripombe);
  9. Neformalnega pripovedovanja (ko pripovedujemo zgodbo).

Summary

Enostavni sedanjik [present simple] v trdilni obliki uporabljamo za potrditev situacij, ki se redno, pogosto ali vedno dogajajo.

Struktura je:
Subject + verb + … (-s v tretji osebi ednine)

Na primer:
— “I work on important projects.” =
— “She works on important projects.” =

Pri tretji osebi ednine obstajajo izjeme, ki so odvisne od glagolske končnice.

Na primer:
— Pripone -ch, -s, -sh, -x, -z: “Catch” ⇒ “Catches” = dodajamo -es.
Soglasnik + -y: “Try” ⇒ “Tries” = -y spremenimo v -i in dodamo -es.
— Nepravilni glagoli: do ⇒ does, go ⇒ goes, be ⇒ is, have has

Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.

Ambassadors

Open TextBooks are collaborative projects, with people from all over the world bringing their skills and interests to join in the compilation and dissemination of knowledge to everyone and everywhere.

Become an Ambassador and write your textbooks.

Online Teaching

Become a Books4Languages Online tutor & teacher.

More information here about how to be a tutor.

Translations


Contributors

The Books4Languages is a collaborative projects, with people from all over the world bringing their skills and interests to join in the compilation and dissemination of knowledge to everyone, everywhere.

License