Unit 6.1

Past simple v trdilni obliki


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Introduction

Enostavni preteklik [past simple] je čas, ki ga uporabljamo za opisovanje situacij, dogodkov in dejanj, ki so se zgodila v preteklosti.

Ko je v trdilni obliki, glagol potrjuje nekaj o osebku.

Form

Past simple pravilnih glagolov v trdilni obliki ima strukturo:
Subject + Verb (Past tense) + …

Regular

Preteklik glagola: verb + -ed.

Subject Verb (past tense)
I worked
You worked
He worked
She worked
It worked
We worked
You worked
They worked

Exceptions

  • Glagoli s pripono -y, pred katero stoji soglasnik: -y spremenimo v -i in dodamo -ed.
Infinitive Verb (past tense)
study studied
cry cried
worry worried
  • Glagoli s pripono -e: dodamo le -d.
Infinitive Verb (past tense)
hope hoped
decide decided
arrive arrived
  • Glagoli s soglasniško pripono (razen: w, y), pred katero stoji naglašeni samoglasnik: podvojimo soglasnik in dodamo -ed.
Infinitive Verb (past tense)
stop stopped
ban banned
travel travelled

Example

Regular

  • I baked delicious biscuits yesterday.
  • He played basketball for 8 years.
  • They visited Estonia in 2012.

Exceptions

Soglasnik + -y

  • I studied a lot for the exams.
  • Their children cried all the time.
  • He applied to Oxford University last year.

Osnovna oblika s pripono -e

  • I hoped to meet you yesterday.
  • The school decided to call your parents.
  • They arrived in Valencia two days ago.

Naglašeni samoglasnik +  soglasniška pripona

  • He stopped doing exercise long ago.
  • My friend suggested going to the banned beach.
  • They travelled every summer when they were young.

Use

Past simple uporabljamo v trdilni obliki, ko opisujemo:

  • Dejanja, situacije in dogodke, ki so se zgodili in končali v preteklosti;
  • Ponavljajoče se dogodke in navade iz preteklosti;
  • Pretekle dogodke, in ko uporabljamo časovne izraze, kot so: two weeks ago, last year, in 2010, yesterday

Summary

Enostavni preteklik [past simple] v trdilni obliki uporabljamo za opisovanje situacij, ki so se zgodile v preteklosti in so zdaj zaključene.

Struktura pravilnih glagolov:
Subject + Verb (Past tense) + …

Na primer:
— “They worked on an important project yesterday.” = Dodamo -ed.

Past simple pravilnih glagolov se tvori na različne načine, odvisno od osnovne oblike uporabljenega glagola.

Na primer:
— Pripona -y: “I try.” ⇒ “I tried.” = y spremenimo v i in dodamo -ed.
— Pripona  -e: “I dance.” ⇒ “I danced.” = Samo dodamo -d.
— Pripona z naglašenim samoglasnikom + soglasnikom (razen -w and -y): “I plan.” ⇒ “I planned.” = Podvojimo soglasnik in dodamo -ed.

Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.

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