Unit 8.2
Primerjave s pridevniki in prislovi
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Introduction
Primerjave s pridevniki in prislovi [comparisons with adjectives and adverbs] uporabljamo za primerjavo stvari, ljudi in dejanj, za izražanje enakosti in neenakosti med njimi.
Form
Primerjave lahko tvorimo ob uporabi pridevnikov in prislovov. Ko želimo primerjati eno stvar z drugo uporabimo besedo than po pridevniku ali prislovu.
Struktura povedi:
Subject + verb + comparative adjective/adverb + than + object + …
Primerjave s pridevniki in prislovi tvorimo na različne načine, odvisno od števila zlogov in od pripone.
En zlog:
- Pridevnik/prislov: dodamo -er (clean ⇒ cleaner);
- Pridevnik/prislov s pripono -e: dodamo -r (simple ⇒ simpler);
- Pridevniki, ki se končujejo na en samoglasnik in en soglasnik: podvojimo zadnji soglasnik preden dodamo -er (big ⇒ bigger).
Dva zloga:
- Pridevnik/prislov, ki se končuje na -y: -y se spremeni v –i in dodamo –er (friendly ⇒ friendlier).
Dva ali več zlogov:
- Pridevnik/prislov, ki se ne konča na -y: more + pridevnik/prislov (brez sprememb) + than… (beautiful ⇒ more beautiful).
Example
En zlog
- I am cleaner than him.
- Their brother is older than my sister.
- Peter is going to talk to him later about the house.
Dva zloga s pripono -y
- I am friendlier than Max.
- Kate is prettier than Martha.
- We should get up earlier tomorrow.
Dva (brez pripone -y) ali več zlogov
- I am more popular than you.
- He is more boring than his brother.
- This book is more exciting than the last one.
Use
Primerjave s pridevniki/prislovi uporabljamo, ko želimo primerjati dve ali več stvari, ljudi ali dejanja.
V nekaterih situacijah than lahko izpustimo, to je odvisno od konteksta:
“I am feeling better today.” (Včeraj se nisem počutil dobro, primerjam torej včeraj in danes).
Summary
Primerjave s pridevniki ali prislovi [comparisons with adjectives and adverbs] uporabljamo za primerjavo dveh ali več stvari, ljudi ali dejanj, izražanje enakosti in neenakosti med njimi.
Struktura je:
… + comparative adjective/adverb + than + …
Njihova oblika se razlikuje glede na število zlogov in pripono pridevnika.
Na primer:
— En zlog:
Splošno: “Tall” ⇒ “Claire is taller than Paula.” = Dodamo -er;
S pripono -e: “Nice” ⇒ “Anne is nicer than him.” = Dodamo -r;
— En zlog + en soglasnik: “Thin” ⇒ “Karl is thinner than Paul.” = Podvojimo soglasnik in dodamo -er.
— Dva zloga in pripona -y: “Hungry“ ⇒ “Claire is hungrier than Paula.” = -y postane -i in dodamo -er.
— Dva zloga ali več (brez pripone -y): “Tired” ⇒ “Claire is more tired than Paula.” = Pred pridevnikom/prislovom dodamo more.
NOTE: Than lahko izpustimo, ko iz konteksta vemo, s čim je prvi samostalnik primerjan: “Lately DVDs are less popular“.
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
Exercises
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