Unit 1.2
For in since s present perfectom
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Introduction
Predlogi [prepositions] so majhne besede, ki so povezane z drugimi elementi v povedi. Pomembne so, ker nam dajejo dodatne podrobnosti o povedi s tem da krajevno in časovno umeščajo dogodke, ljudi in predmete.
Za časovno umestitev dogodka in dodajanje podatkov o njegovem trajanju uporabljamo predloga for (za) in since (od).
Form
Predloga for in since imata enak splošni namen, ampak drugačno konotacijo. Ko se nanašamo na sedanjost, z njimi vedno uporabljamo present perfect glagola.
Strukture so:
… + for + period of time + …
… + since + starting point + …
Example
For
- I have studied Dutch for 4 years.
- I‘ve known her for ten years.
- She has attended the Spanish course for three months.
Since
- I have studied Dutch since 2011.
- I‘ve known her since 2006.
- She has attended the Spanish course since January.
Use
For ponavadi uporabljamo za opisovanje časovnega obdobja, v katerem se je dogodek zgodil (2 years, 6 weeks, 10 days…). Dogodek, izražen s for, ima še vedno vpliv v času pogovora.
Ponavadi since uporabljamo za izražanje točne začetne točke dogodka (last year, 1996, I arrived…).
Summary
For in since pomagata umestiti dogodek v časovni okvir in dajeta informacije o njegovi dolžini. Ko se nanašamo na sedajost, vedno uporabimo present perfect.
- For uporabljamo za izražanje dolžine časovnega obdobja, ki še vedno poteka:
… + for + period of time + … - Since uporabljamo za izražanje točne sedanje ali pretekle začetne točke dogodka:
… + since + starting point + …
Na primer:
— “I‘ve been a fireman for 16 years.” = For uporabljamo za izražanje dolžine dejanja.
— “I’ve been a fireman since 2000.” = Since uporabljamo za izražanje začetnega datuma dejanja.
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
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