Unit 8.2
May: modalni glagoli možnosti
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Introduction
Modalni glagol [modal verb] je tip pomožnega glagola, ki sam po sebi nima pomena, ampak modificira glavni glagol, spreminja njegov pomen in daje več podrobnosti o dejanju.
May je tip pomožnega glagola, ki se uporablja za izražanje možnosti, da se bo nekaj zgodilo, in za spraševanje za dovoljenje.
Form
May ima vedno enako obliko, tudi v tretji osebi ednine, in ponavadi to strukturo najdemo v treh oblikah.
Affirmative
Struktura v trdilni obliki je:
Subject + may + verb + …
| Subject | may | Verb |
|---|---|---|
| I/You | may | work |
| He/She/It | may | work |
| We/You/They | may | work |
Negative
Struktura v nikalni obliki je:
Subject + may + not + verb + …
| Subject | may + not | Verb (infinitive) |
|---|---|---|
| I/You | may not | work |
| He/She/It | may not | work |
| We/You/They | may not | work |
Interrogative
Struktura v vprašalni obliki je:
May + subject + verb + …?
| May | Subject | Verb | Question Mark |
|---|---|---|---|
| May | I/you | work | …? |
| May | he/she/it | work | …? |
| May | we/you/they | work | …? |
Example
Affirmative
- Dovoljenje
- You may take this plate.
- She may answer the phone.
- They may travel by plane.
- Negotovost/možnost
- I’m afraid I may be late.
- Susana may come to see you tomorrow.
- There may be too many people at the post office.
- Izražanje želje ali upanja
- May the force be with you.
- May you both be happy together.
- May we have rain this year.
Negative
- You may not answer the phone call!
- She may not leave a message.
- I’m afraid that we may not interview the director.
Interrogative
- May I answer an important phone call?
- May she leave you a message?
- May we interview the director?
Use
May v trdilni obliki uporabljamo:
- Za dajanje in spraševanje za dovoljenje;
- Ko nismo prepričani glede nečesa;
- Za izražanje želja in upanj.
May v nikalni obliki uporabljamo, ko ne damo dovoljenja ali za izražanje negotovosti.
May v vprašalni obliki uporabljamo, ko želimo izraziti vljudno zahtevo.
Summary
Modalni glagol may izraža dovoljenje, možnost, da se bo nekaj zgodilo, želje ali upanja. Nikalna oblika izraža prepoved ali negotovost, vprašalno pa uporabljamo za vljudne zahteve.
Strukture so:
- Trdilna: Subject + may + verb + …
- Nikalna: Subject + may + not + verb + …
- Vprašalna: May + subject + verb + …?
Na primer:
— Trdilna: “It may snow this winter.”
— Nikalna: “It may not snow this winter.”
— Vprašalna: “May it snow this winter?”
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
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