Unit 9.1
Tvorjenje prislovov
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Introduction
Prislovi [adverbs] so izrazi, ki delujejo kot modifikatorji drugih elementov v stavku. Dodajo lahko širok spekter informacij.
Form
Prislove lahko tvorimo iz pridevnikov; pri tem uporabljamo njihove pripone. Različni načini tvorjenja prislovov so:
Regular
- Prislove tvorimo z dodajanjem -ly pridevnikom.
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| bad | badly |
| beautiful | beautifully |
| complete | completely |
| extreme | extremely |
| slow | slowly |
- Pridevnike tvorimo s pripono-y: spremenimo jo v -i preden dodamo -ly.
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| easy | easily |
| happy | happily |
| nasty | nastily |
- Če se pridevnik konča na soglasnik + -le, -e postane -y.
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| gentle | gently |
| idle | idly |
| noble | nobly |
- Pridevnik s pripono -ic: dodamo -ally.
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| drastic | drastically |
| enthusiastic | enthusiastically |
| tragic | tragically |
Irregular
| Adjective | Adverb |
|---|---|
| full | fully |
| public | publicly |
| shy | shyly |
| true | truly |
Friendly in timely sta pridevnika; če ju želimo uporabiti kot prislova, sledimo tema strukturama:
- Friendly ⇒ in a friendly manner;
- Timely ⇒ in a timely manner.
Example
Regular
Večina prislovov
- He was answering slowly.
Pridevnik s pripono -y
- She easily moved to another flat.
Pridevnik, ki se konča na soglasnik + -le, -e
- She gently opened the pack of flour.
- You idly ate that tin of tuna.
Pridevnik s pripono -ic
- They enthusiastically made a jar of marmalade.
Irregular
- She shyly asked a question.
- We offered her some orange juice in a friendly manner.
Use
Prislov je beseda, ki opisuje ali daje več informacij o glagolu, pridevniku, besedni zvezi ali drugemu prislovu.
Summary
Prislovi [adverbs] so izrazi, ki delujejo kot modifikatorji drugih elementov v stavku.
Na primer:
— “Beautiful” ⇒ “I wrapped a box of biscuits beautifully.” = dodamo -ly;
Obstajajo nekatere izjeme, ki so odvisne od končnice pridevnikov.
Na primer:
— S pripono -y: “Easy“ ⇒ “I can easily drink alcoholic drinks.” = -y spremenimo v -i in dodamo -ly;
— Soglasnik + -le: “Noble“ ⇒ “The knight who nobly fought was thirsty.” = -e spremenimo v -y;
— S pripono -ic: “Drastic“ ⇒ “Steak prices drastically changed.” = dodamo -ally.
Nekateri prislovi so nepravilni in ne obstaja pravilo o temu, kako jih tvorimo (fully, publicly, in a timely manner…).
Na primer:
— “Publicly” ⇒ “He publicly continued his speech.”
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
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