Unit 4.1

Zero conditional


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Introduction

Pogojna poved [conditional sentence] je ponavadi sestavljena iz dveh delov: if-stavka [if-clause] (ali odvisnega stavka), ki izraža pogoj, in glavnega stavka [main clause], ki izraža posledico tega pogoja.

Ničti pogojnik [zero conditional] uporabljamo, ko je rezultat pogoja vedno resničen.

Form

Pri zero conditional uporabljamo present simple za oba dela povedi. If ali when lahko uporabimo brez kakršnekoli spremembe v pomenu, ker je posledica pogoja vedno enaka.

Vrstni red povedi ne spremeni pomena, zaradi česar sta vedno dva načina tvorjenja teh izrazov:

If-clause (condition) (,) Main Clause (consequence)
If/When + Present Simple , Present Simple

ali

Main Clause (consequence) If-Clause (condition)
Present Simple if/when + Present Simple

Example

If

  • If water reaches 100 degrees, it always boils.
  • Water always boils if it reaches 100 degrees.

When

  • When people don’t drink water for a long time, they die.
  • People die when they don’t drink water for a long time.

Use

Zero conditional uporabljamo za izražanje dejstev in stvari, ki se vedno zgodijo, kot na primer znanstvena dejstva. Rezultat pogoja je določen.

  1. If uporabljamo, ko želimo povedati, da se bo pogoj takoj uresničil;
  2. When uporabljamo, ko želimo povedati, da se bo pogoj uresničil prej ali slej.

Summary

Pogojna poved je sestavljena iz dveh delov: if-stavka [if-clause] in glavnega stavka [main clause] (posledica pogoja).

Ničti pogojnik [zero conditional] uporabljamo za izražanje dejstev in stvari, ki se vedno zgodijo, kot na primer znanstvena dejstva, in ko je rezultat pogoja vedno resničen.

If = Pogoj se bo takoj zgodil;
When = Pogoj se bo prej ali slej gotovo zgodil.

Strukture so:
If/When + present simple + , + present simple
Present simple + if/when + present simple

Na primer:
— “If/when you tell me what to buy, I go to the supermarket.” = Prvi del povedi je pogoj, ki omogoča rezultat, izražen v drugem delu.
— “I go to the supermarket if/when you tell me what to buy.” = Prvi del povedi je rezultat pogoja, izraženega v drugem delu.

Ponovimo to vsebino v v odseku {Form} in si poglejmo odsek {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.

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