Unit 6.1
To be Keçmiş Qeyri-Müəyyən Zamanı
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Introduction
To be feli qrammatikada vacibdir. Köməkçi bir feldir və qaydasız fellərdən biridir.
Keçmişdə baş vermiş və indi başa çatmış vəziyyətləri ifadə etmək üçün felin keçmiş qeyri-müəyyən zamanı [past simple] istifadə olunur.
Form
To be feli qaydasız keçmiş formalı fellərdən biridir.
Təsdiq
Təsdiq halında bu quruluşa malikdir:
Mübtəda + to be (Keçmiş zaman) + …
| Subject | To Be |
|---|---|
| I | was |
| You | were |
| He | was |
| She | was |
| It | was |
| We | were |
| You | were |
| They | were |
İnkar
İnkar halında bu quruluşa malikdir:
Mübtəda + to be (Keçmiş) + not + …
- İnkar halında “did” köməkçi felindən istifadə olunmur.
| Subject | To Be + not | Short form |
|---|---|---|
| I | was not | wasn’t |
| You | were not | weren’t |
| He | was not | wasn’t |
| She | was not | wasn’t |
| It | was not | wasn’t |
| We | were not | weren’t |
| You | were not | weren’t |
| They | were not | weren’t |
Sual
Sual halında bu quruluşa malikdir:
To be (Keçmiş zaman) + mübtəda + …?
- Sual halında “did” köməkçi felindən istifadə olunmur:
| To Be | Subject | Question Mark |
|---|---|---|
| Was | I | …? |
| Were | you | …? |
| Was | he | …? |
| Was | she | …? |
| Was | it | …? |
| Were | we | …? |
| Were | you | …? |
| Were | they | …? |
Example
Təsdiq
- I was a good football player.
- He was here 2 minutes ago.
- We were at the beach earlier.
İnkar
- I wasn’t a good football player
- He wasn’t here 2 minutes ago.
- We weren’t at the beach earlier.
Sual
- Was I a good football player?
- Was he here 2 minutes ago?
- Were you at the beach earlier?
Use
To be felinin keçmiş qeyri-müəyyən zaman halı mübtəda ilə tamamlayıcı və ya sifət arasında birləşdirici söz kimi istifadə olunur, keçmişdə mübtədanın özü haqqında əlavə məlumat verir.
Summary
Keçmişdə baş vermiş və indi sona yetmiş vəziyyətləri ifadə etmək üçün keçmiş qeyri-müəyyən zamandan [past simple] istifadə edirik. To be felinin qaydasız keçmiş forması var.
Fərqli formalarda istifadə olunur:
- Təsdiq: Cümlə mübtəda ilə başlayır, to be felinin keçmiş forması ilə davam edir:
I was, you were, he was, she was, it was, we were, you were and they were. - İnkar: Cümlə mübtəda ilə başlayır, to be felinin keçmiş forması və not sözü ilə davam edir: I was not, you were not, he was not, she was not, it was not, we were not, you were not and they were not.
- Sual: Cümlə to be ilə başlayır, to be felinin keçmiş forması və mübtəda ilə davam edir (cümlə sual işarəsi ilə davam edir).
was I…?, were you…?, was he…?, was she…?, was it…?, were we…?, were you…? and were they…?.
Məsələn:
— Təsdiq: “There was enough sugar to make the cake.”
— İnkar: “There wasn’t enough sugar to make the cake.”
— Sual: “Was there enough sugar to make the cake?”
{Form} bölməsinə baxaraq mövzunun bu kontekstdə necə istifadə edildiyini görə bilərsiniz. {Example} bölməsində mövzu ilə bağlı nümunələr tapa bilərsiniz.
Exercises
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