Unit 5.1
Can: modalni glagoli zmožnosti
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Introduction
Modalni glagol [modal verb] je vrsta pomožnega glagola, ki nima pomena sam po sebi, ampak modificira glavni glagol, spreminja njegov pomen in nam razkriva več podrobnosti o dejanju.
Glagol can je modalni glagol, ki ga uporabljamo, ko izražamo idejo zmožnosti ali možnosti, verjetnost ali neverjetnost, da se bo dogodek ali dejanje zgodil/o in za spraševanje za dovoljenje.
Form
Modalni glagol can uporabljamo kot pomožni glagol; ima tri oblike:
Affirmative
Njegova struktura v trdilni obliki je:
Subject + can + verb + …
| Subject | can | Verb |
|---|---|---|
| I | can | work |
| You | can | work |
| He | can | work |
| She | can | work |
| It | can | work |
| We | can | work |
| You | can | work |
| They | can | work |
Negative
Njegova struktura v nikalni obliki je:
Subject + cannot + verb + …
- Kratka oblika negativne oblike je can’t;
- Can je izjema pri tvorjenju nikalne oblike in se piše skupaj z not: cannot (can not is incorrect).
| Subject | cannot | Verb |
|---|---|---|
| I | cannot | work |
| You | cannot | work |
| He | cannot | work |
| She | cannot | work |
| It | cannot | work |
| We | cannot | work |
| You | cannot | work |
| They | cannot | work |
Interrogative
Njegova struktura v vprašalni obliki je:
Can + subject + verb + …?
| Can | Subject | Verb | Question Mark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Can | I | work | …? |
| Can | you | work | …? |
| Can | he | work | …? |
| Can | she | work | …? |
| Can | it | work | …? |
| Can | we | work | …? |
| Can | you | work | …? |
| Can | they | work | …? |
Example
- Zmožnost
- She can play the piano.
- She cannot play the piano.
- Can she play the piano?
- Ponudba
- Can we help you and your husband?
- Zahteva
- Can you open the window, please?
- Možnost
- My wife can go to Milan this summer.
- Priložnost
- We can stay at his place for a week!
- Dovoljenje
- My children can stay at the party.
- My children cannot stay at the party.
- Očitek
- Can’t you just tell him your marital status?
- Splošna resnica
- Parks can be dangerous.
Use
Can uporabljamo za izražanje:
- Zmožnosti: biti zmožen nekaj narediti;
- Ponudb: ponujati;
- Zahtev: nekaj zahtevati;
- Možnosti: govoriti o možnih situacijah;
- Priložnosti: izraziti možnost nekaj narediti;
- Dovoljenj: vprašati za ali dati dovoljenje;
- Očitkov: nekomu povedati, kaj hočemo, da naredi;
- Splošnih resnic: govoriti o stvareh, ki ponavadi veljajo;
Summary
Modalni glagol [modal verb] can izraža zmožnost, ponudbo, zahtevo, možnost, priložnost, dovoljenje, očitek in splošno resnico.
Struktura je:
- Trdilna: Subject + can + verb + …
- Nikalna: Subject + cannot + verb + …
- Vprašalna: Can + subject + verb + …?
Na primer:
— Trdilna: “She can play the piano.”
— Nikalna: “She can’t play the piano.”
— Vprašalna: “Can she play the piano?”
NOTE: Oblika je vedno enaka, tudi za tretjo osebo ednine.
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
Exercises
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