Unit 5.2
Present continuous v trdilni obliki
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Introduction
Trajni sedanjik [present continuous] (ali progresivni [progressive]), je čas, ki ga uporabljamo za opisovanje situacij, ki trenutno potekajo (pred, med ali po trenutku govora).
Ko je izražen v trdilni obliki sporoča, da se trenutno nekaj dogaja.
Form
Subject + to be + [verb + -ing] + …
Regular
Oblika glagola: verb + -ing.
Kratka oblika trdilne oblike je enaka kratki obliki to be (govorjeni jezik ali neformalno pisanje): I’m – you’re – he’s…
| Subject | To be | Verb + -ing |
|---|---|---|
| I | am | working |
| You | are | working |
| He | is | working |
| She | is | working |
| It | is | working |
| We | are | working |
| You | are | working |
| They | are | working |
Exceptions
- Glagoli s pripono -e: odpade -e in dodamo -ing.
| Infinitive | Verb + -ing |
|---|---|
| write | writing |
| smile | smiling |
| take | taking |
- Glagoli, ki se končajo na soglasnik, ki pride po samoglasniku, glagoli z naglasom na zadnjem zlogu in glagoli, ki se končajo na -l: soglasnik podvojimo.
| Infinitive | Verb + -ing |
|---|---|
| sit | sitting |
| begin | beginning |
| spill | spilling |
- Glagoli s pripono -ie: odpade -ie in dodamo -ying.
| Infinitive | Verb + -ing |
|---|---|
| die | dying |
| lie | lying |
| tie | tying |
Example
- Trenutek govora
- I‘m eating an apple.
- She is watching TV at the moment.
- We are speaking.
- Začasne aktivnosti
- I am looking for a new shirt.
- Paul is working hard to buy new shoes.
- We are staying in this apartment for 3 weeks.
- Načrtovana dejanja
- I am leaving early tonight.
- He is going to the cinema on Friday evening.
- We are going on holiday at the end of this month.
- Spremembe in težnje
- I am getting happier and happier.
- The world is getting warmer.
- We are becoming better at volleyball.
- Doslednost dogodkov
- I’m always watching the news.
- He is talking consistently.
- They are always having lunch at 14:00.
Use
Present continuous v trdilni obliki uporabljamo, ko sporočamo o:
- Aktivnostih, ki potekajo v trenutku govora;
- Začasnih aktivnostih (ki se bodo v prihodnosti zaključile);
- Aktivnostih, ki so načrtovane v prihodnosti;
- Spremembah in težnjah;
- Doslednosti dogodkov.
Summary
Trajni sedanjik [present continuous] v trdilni obliki se uporablja za potrjevanje situacij, ki potekajo v trenutku govora.
Struktura je:
Subject + to be + [verb + -ing] + …
Na primer:
— “He is working on an important project today.” = Present continuous uporabljamo, ko govorimo o aktivnostih, ki potekajo v času govora (v tem trenutku).
♦ “He works on important projects.” = Present simple uporabljamo, ko govorimo o aktivnostih, ki se v sedanjosti ponavljajo ali se vedno zgodijo.
Obstaja nekaj izjem, ki so odvisne od glagolske končnice.
Na primer:
— Pripona -e: odpade -e in dodamo -ing. “Shake” ⇒ “Shaking.”
— Samoglasnik po soglasniku, glagoli z naglasom na zadnjem zlogu in glagoli, ki se končajo na -l: soglasnik se podvoji in dodamo -ing. “Put“ ⇒ “Putting.”
— Pripona -ie: opade -ie in dodamo -ying: “Tie“ ⇒ “Tying.”
Ponovi to vsebino v delu {Form} in si poglej del {Example}, ki prikazuje rabo v kontekstu.
Exercises
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